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Objective:To analyze the clinical features, postoperative recurrence and prognostic factors of young patients with cervical cancer.Methods:The clinical data of hospitalized cervical cancer patients in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2004 to March 2019 were retrospectively studied. 243 young cervical cancer patients ≤35 years old were selected as the study group. The method of case-control study was adopted. In the same period, 250 first and second cervical cancer patients aged >35 years were randomly selected as the control group. The clinical data of the two groups were compared, and the survival curves of the two groups were analyzed. The clinical data of patients with postoperative recurrence (17 cases) and patients without recurrence (164 cases) in the study group were compared, and the related data affecting the prognosis of young cervical cancer patients were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Statistical data were compared by χ 2 test or exact probability method. Kaplan-meier method was used to estimate survival rate and draw survival curve. Survival rate was compared by Long-Rank test. COX regression model was used for multivariate analysis. Results:Compared with the control group, the young cervical cancer patients had earlier age of marriage, menstruate, fewer pregnancies, no preoperative adjuvant therapy, more nerve infiltration and ovarian preservation, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 values were 94.58, 67.54, 60.53, 5.44, 13.64, 5.51, and 118.24, respectively; P values were <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, 0.025, 0.022, <0.001, respectively). The proportion of irregular vaginal bleeding in study group (13.17%(32/243)) was lower than that in control group (30.40%(76/250)), and the proportion of contact vaginal bleeding (52.26%(127/243)) was higher than that in control group (43.20%(108/250)). There were significant differences between the two groups (χ 2 values were 21.39 and 4.06, respectively; P values were < 0.001 and 0.044, respectively). There was no significant difference in Kaplan-Meier survival rate between the study group and the control group (χ 2=0.03, P=0.859). Univariate analysis showed that the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics(FIGO), whether to retain ovary, depth of cervical invasion, nerve invasion, lymphatic vascular space invasion and pelvic lymph node metastasis were the influencing factors of 5-year survival rate of young cervical cancer patients ( P values were 0.016, 0.008, 0.014, 0.017, 0.004, <0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed FIGO staging ( OR=2.073, 95% CI: 1.017-4.228, P=0.045), lymphatic vascular space infiltration ( OR=0.041, 95% CI: 0.005-0.341, P=0.019) and pelvic lymph node metastasis ( OR=0.027, 95% CI: 0.004-0.197, P<0.001) were risk factors affecting the prognosis of young cervical cancer. The patients with low FIGO stage, no lymphatic vascular space infiltration and pelvic lymph node metastasis have a good prognosis. Conclusion In young patients with cervical cancer, the first clinical feature is mainly contact vaginal bleeding. The prognosis of young patients with cervical cancer and 5 years survival rate there was no statistically significant difference compared with control group. The later FIGO staging , no ovarinan retention and the deeper cervical infiltration depth , with the nerve or between lymphatic vascular invasion and pelvic lymph node metastasis in young patients with cervical cancer had poor prognosis, and FIGO stage, lymphatic vessel space invasion and pelvic lymph node metastasis were the most significant factors.
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The emission of hydrogen sulfide in the waste gas from slaughter plant, fishmeal feed processing and some other food industrial processing could cause serious air pollution to the surrounding environment. The purpose of this study was to screen heterotrophic bacterium strains for the removal of hydrogen sulfide odor. One heterotrophic bacterial mutant ZJNB-B3 was derived from the sulfide degrader Bacillus cereus XJ-2 and its sulfide removal efficiency was 97%. Based on the morphology studies, biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene analysis, the strain was identified as Bacillus cereus ZJNB-B3. The NCBI GenBank accession number is MF679650. Batch tests showed that the strain tolerated up to 300 mg/L of toxic S²⁻ concentration. Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the conditions of degradation of sulfide. The optimal parameters were as follows: initial sulfide concentration 211.8 mg/L, initial pH 6.72, inoculum volume 5.04%, and incubation temperature 30 ℃. The accumulated sulfate concentration was 63.8 mg/L and the sulfide removal efficiency was 97.3% after 48 h incubation. No sulfuric acid was generated during sulfide oxidation by the strain. Sulfide could be removed effectively by this strain under mild pH conditions. The results suggested that the strain may have great industrial application potential. This study provides the fundamentals for the removal of hydrogen sulfide gas.
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Objective To detect the presence of vasculogenic mimicry (VM) in endometrial carcinoma (EC) tissue specimens,and to investigate the expression and relationship between VM and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in EC,and discuss the relationship between the two and the survival of patients after surgery.Methods The expression of VM in EC tissue,atypical hyperplasia and normal endometrial tissue was detected by CD34-PAS double staining.The expression of VEGF protein was detected by immunohistochemical SP method,and the relationship between the clinicopathological factors and the survival of EC patients was analyzed.Results The positive expression rates of VM and VEGF were 39.59％ and 68.02％ in EC tissues,4.71％ and 21.18％ in atypical hyperplasia endometrium respectively,1.59％ and 4.76％ in normal endometrium respectively,the expression of the two in the EC group were statistically significant compared with the other groups(x2 =60.668,P ＜ 0.05;x2 =98.976,P ＜ 0.05).Both V M and VEGF protein were associated with surgical-pathological stage and histological differentiation (P ＜ 0.05),positive correlation was found between them (r =0.293,P =0.000).Kaplan-Meier univariate analysis of the prognosis of patients with EC showed that the 5-year overall survival rates of VM-positive and VEGF-positive patients were 66.67％ and 79.t0％ respectively,which were lower than 95.80％ and 95.24％ in VM negative and VEGF negative patients(P all ＜ 0.05).Cox multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in EC patients showed that surgical-pathological stage,histological differentiation,lymph node metastasis,VM positive and overexpression of VEGF were significant factors influencing EC prognosis.Conclusion VM was present in EC tissue specimens.Combined detection of VM and VEGF plays an important role in the invasion,metastasis and prognosis of EC patients,both of which may serve as a reference for the diagnosis and evaluation of EC prognosis.
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Objective To investigate the expressions and relationships of human epididymal secretory protein 4 (HE4),osteopontin (OPN) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) in endometrial carcinoma (EC) and analyze their clinical significance of detection and diagnosis in EC patients.Methods The expressions of HE4,OPN and uPA proteins in 30 cases of normal endometrium,50 cases of precancerous lesion endometrium and 171 cases of EC were detected by immunohistochemistry SP method.The relationships between HE4,OPN,uPA and clinicopathological features of EC,and the correlation of them were analyzed.Results The positive expression rates of HE4,OPN and uPA in the normal endometrium group,precancerous lesion endometrium group and EC group were 13.3％,32.0％,70.8％;10.0％,24.0％,63.7％;6.7％,22.0％,51.5％.The differences were statistically significant (x2 =46.36,P ＜ 0.05;x2 =44.14,P ＜ 0.05;x2 =28.10,P ＜ 0.05).The expressions of HE4,OPN and uPA were correlated withpathological stage (x2 =4.644,P =0.031;x2 =5.780,P =0.016;x2 =28.920,P =0.000),histological grade (x2 =4.888,P =0.027;x2 =7.885,P =0.005;x2 =4.564,P =0.033),myometrial invasion depth (x2 =5.099,P =0.024;x2=5.139 P=0.023;=12.297,P=0.000) and lymph node metastasis (x2 =5.421,P=0.020;x24.093,P =0.043;x2 =5.362,P =0.021).In addition,the expression of HE4 was correlated with the histological type (x2 =4.437,P =0.035).HE4 expression was positively correlated with uPA expression (r =0.341,P =0.007).OPN expression was positively correlated with uPA expression (r =0.360,P =0.002).HE4 was positively correlated with OPN expression (r =0.454,P =0.000).Conclusion The expression rates of HE4,OPN and uPA in the EC group were higher than that in normal endometrium and precancerous lesions.They have obvious positive synergistic effect in the occurrence and development of EC.HE4,OPN and uPA are the effective indicators for clinical diagnosis of EC.
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Tear dysfunction was considered as abnormalities of tear film composition that include the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines.Recent studies indicated that altered tear composition caused dysfunction,accelerated death and detachment of the superficial epithelium,leading to an irregular corneal surface,an unstable tear layer and hyperesthesia of the corneal nerve endings.Symptoms of tear dysfunction after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) present in many patients.This review summarized the clinical characteristics of tear dysfunction in post-LASIK and post-SMILE patients,analyzed the potential mechanism of tear dysfunction and reasonable management.
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Objective To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of the 6 aconitum alkaloids in compoundTengwu Ointment.Methods Chromatographic column was Aglient XDB-C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5μm), with the mobile phase A of acetonitrile- tetrahydrofuran (25∶8), phase B was 0.1 mol/L ammonium acetate solution (0.5 mL acetic acid added to the 1000 mL) with gradient elution;the flow rate was 1 mL/min;the detection wavelength was set at 235 nm;the column temperature was 25℃.Results Aconitine was in the good linear range of 0.072-0.648μg (r=0.999 5), with the average recovery of 99.29%, RSD=1.25%. Mesaconitine was in the good linear range of 0.062-0.648μg (r=0.999 5), with the average recovery of 99.12%, RSD=0.85%. Hypaconitine was in the good linear range of 0.064-0.384μg (r=0.999 8), with the average recovery of 99.57%, RSD=1.07%. Benzoylaconine was in the good linear range of 0.056-0.672μg (r=0.999 2), with the average recovery of 98.11%, RSD=0.61%. Benzoylmesaconine was in the good linear range of 0.055-0.993μg (r=0.999 9), with the average recovery of 99.27%, RSD=1.10%. Benzoylhypaconine was in the good linear range of 0.078-0.702μg (r=0.999 8), with the average recovery of 99.08%, RSD=1.38%.Conclusion This method is simple, sensitive, repeatable and accurate, which can be used for determination of aconitum alkaloids in compoundTengwu Ointment.